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KEYDAL blog: what we learn in the field on hosting, domains, servers, security, software and press law; step-by-step guides and current notes.

Press Law

Why the Illustrator Title Is on the Press Card List in Turkey

Press Card Regulation Arts. 19/1-l, 20/1-l, 21/1-k, 22/1-i and 27/1-l: the illustrator is among the titles that may obtain a press card at newspapers.

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

The Cartoonist in Turkey: The Right to a Press Card and Publishing Responsibility

Press Card Regulation Arts. 19/1-k, 20/1-k, 21/1-j, 22/1-ı and 27/1-k: the cartoonist may obtain a press card at newspapers, magazines.

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

The Graphic Artist and Chief Graphic Artist: Agency Titles in Turkey

Press Card Regulation Art. 23: at Anadolu Agency, chief graphic artists, senior graphic artists, graphic artists and assistant graphic artists may obt

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

The Designer Graphic Artist in Turkey and the News Field Condition

In the Press Card Regulation the designer graphic artist is listed among the titles that may obtain a press card only with the qualification “ta

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

What a Page Secretary Does at a Newspaper in Turkey

In the Press Card Regulation the page secretary is listed in the same sub-paragraph as the art director and the designer graphic artist.

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

Who Is an Art Director in Turkey?

Press Card Regulation Art. 19/1-j: the art director or page secretary or the designer graphic artist taking part in the news field are listed as alter

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

The Agency Branch Manager and Deputy Branch Manager in Turkey

Press Card Regulation Arts. 24/1-f and g: at news and photo agencies the branch manager and the deputy branch manager are among the titles that may ob

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

The Foreign Representative in Turkey: Duties and Press Card Quota

Press Card Regulation Art. 25/1-c: at TRT the foreign representatives may obtain a press card; in other types of publication foreign bureaux are gover

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

The Regional Representative and the Provincial Representative in Turkey

Press Card Regulation Arts. 19/1-n, 20/1-n, 24/1-e, 26/1-e and 27/1-n: the regional or provincial representative is among the titles that may obtain a

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

What Is a Readers’ Representative (Ombudsman) in Turkey?

Press Card Regulation Arts. 19/1-m, 20/1-m, 21/1-l and 27/1-m: the readers’ representative is listed among the titles that may obtain a press ca

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

The Columnist in Turkey and the Periodic Writing Condition for a Press Card

The Press Card Regulation requires two conditions for a press card with the title of writer: having one’s own column and writing periodically.

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

Who Is a Leader Writer in Turkey and How Do They Differ from a Columnist?

Press Card Regulation Art. 19/1-ğ: the leader writer and writer who has their own column and writes periodically may obtain a press card.

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

What Is the Chair of the Broadcast Review Board in Turkey?

Press Card Regulation Art. 26/1-c: the chair of the broadcast review board is a title that appears only in the radio and television title list.

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

The Chair of the Board and Press Cards in Broadcasting in Turkey

Press Card Regulation Arts. 26/1-a, 23/1-a and 25/1-a: at radio and television organisations the chair of the board of directors.

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

How the Representative of a Legal Person Is Determined in Turkey and What They Are Responsible For

Press Card Regulation Art. 4/r: the representative of the legal person is the natural person determined by the competent organ from among the managers

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

Who Is the Holder of the Concession in Turkey? The Legal Position of the Publication Owner

Press Card Regulation Art. 4/u: the publication owner is the natural person or the representative of the legal person stated in the declaration given

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

The General Coordinator Title and the Press Card in Turkey

The general coordinator is listed in the Press Card Regulation in the same administrative titles sub-paragraph as the director general.

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

Who Are the Institution Manager and the Administrative Manager in Turkey?

Press Card Regulation Art. 19/1-c: the director general or the general coordinator or the institution manager or the administrative manager are listed

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

The Publication Director in Turkey: Its Role in Periodicals

The publication director is the last title of the senior publication management quartet in the Press Card Regulation.

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

General Publication Manager Versus Director General in Turkey

In the Press Card Regulation the general publication manager is listed in the publication management sub-paragraph (Art. 19/1-b) and the director gene

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

What Is a General Publication Coordinator in Turkey?

The general publication coordinator is one of the alternative titles listed in the Press Card Regulation in the same sub-paragraph as the editor-in-ch

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

The Editor-in-Chief in Turkey: Powers and Responsibilities

The editor-in-chief is listed in every periodical list of the Press Card Regulation as an alternative title together with the general publication coor

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

What a News Planning Manager Does in Turkey

Press Card Regulation Art. 23/1-d: at Anadolu Agency, news planning managers are listed among the titles that may obtain a press card.

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

The News Director and the Anadolu Agency Title Structure in Turkey

Press Card Regulation Art. 23/1-c: at Anadolu Agency the news directors working under the editor-in-chief or the deputy director general may obtain a

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

Who Is a News Coordinator in Turkey?

Press Card Regulation Arts. 23/1-d, 25/1-c, 26/1-d and 27/1-g: the news coordinator is among the titles that may obtain a press card at Anadolu Agency

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

The News Section Chief in Turkey: Job Description

In the Press Card Regulation the news section chief is a title listed together with, or separately from.

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

What Do the News Chief and the Intelligence Chief Do in Turkey?

Press Card Regulation Art. 19/1-f: the intelligence and news section chief, or separately the intelligence section chief and the news section chief.

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

Who Is a Sub-Editor in Turkey and How Do They Differ from an Editor?

The sub-editor is listed in the Press Card Regulation as an alternative title together with the news manager.

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

What Is an Editor in Turkish Legislation?

The editor is listed in the Press Card Regulation as an alternative title together with the news manager.

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

The News Manager in Turkey: Duties and the Press Card Title

Press Card Regulation Art. 19/1-g: a news manager, editor, sub-editor or chief may obtain a press card on condition of working in one of the 17 news f

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

Who Is an Assistant Reporter in Turkey?

Press Card Regulation Art. 23/1-h: at Anadolu Agency, assistant reporters, assistant photojournalists, assistant cameramen, assistant graphic artists.

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

The Senior Reporter in Turkey: Title Grades and the Basis of Promotion

Press Card Regulation Art. 23/1-g: at Anadolu Agency, senior reporters, senior photojournalists, senior cameramen, senior graphic artists.

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

The Chief Reporter Title and Anadolu Agency in Turkey

Press Card Regulation Art. 23/1-f: at Anadolu Agency, chief reporters, chief photojournalists, chief cameramen, chief graphic artists.

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

What Is a Representative Reporter in Turkey? The Difference from a Regional Representative

Press Card Regulation Arts. 19/1-i, 20/1-i, 26/1-n and 27/1-i: the representative reporter is listed as a title separate from the regional or provinci

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

The Photojournalist in Turkey: Definition, Legal Status and Shooting Rights

The photojournalist appears in the title lists of the Press Card Regulation for newspapers, magazines.

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

Who Is a Reporter in Turkey? Duties, Rights and the Press Card Process

The reporter is the basic journalistic title that appears in every publication-type list of the Press Card Regulation and is regarded as an intellectu

September 9, 2026 · 6 min read
Press Law

What Is a Night Editorial Supervisor in Turkey?

Press Card Regulation Arts. 19/1-e, 20/1-e, 21/1-e and 27/1-e: the night editorial supervisor is among the titles that may obtain a press card at dail

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

The Editorial Manager in Turkey: Duties and Press Card Conditions

Press Card Regulation Arts. 19/1-d, 20/1-d, 21/1-d, 22/1-ç and 27/1-d: the editorial manager appears on the press card list as a title separate

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

What a Responsible Editorial Manager Does in Turkey

Press Card Regulation Art. 19/1-ç: the responsible editorial manager, or responsible manager.

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

Professions in the Turkish Press and Media: The Full List of the 90 Titles in the Legislation

The nine title lists in Arts. 19–27 of the Press Card Regulation one by one: from the responsible manager to the reporter.

September 9, 2026 · 18 min read
Press Law

The Official Announcement Checklist for Local Newspaper Owners in Turkey

A list, with the provisions cited, of the staff, content, imprint, printing, distribution, sales, delivery and notification obligations that must be c

September 9, 2026 · 8 min read
Press Law

How Circulation and Actual Sales Affect Official Announcements in Turkey

Actual sales is one of the five qualities in Art. 34 of Law No. 195; Regulation Art. 44 sets the minimum sales thresholds and Art. 51 the increase in

September 9, 2026 · 7 min read
Press Law

The Return of the Shares of the Banks Participating in BİK Capital in Turkey

Council of Ministers Decision of 08.12.1966, No. 6/7411: the shares of the national banks and insurance partnerships that participated in the capital

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

The Decision Determining the Commission Rates in Turkey

Council of Ministers Decision of 15.10.1961, No. 5/1807: it was decided that the 15% and 10% commission rates in Article 24 of Law No. 195 be changed

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

General Assembly Announcements of Tradesmen and Craftsmen Credit and Guarantee Cooperatives in Turkey

There is a General Assembly principle decision on the general assembly convening announcements of Tradesmen and Craftsmen Credit and Guarantee Coopera

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

Vakıfbank and Vakıf Emeklilik Announcements in Turkey

General Assembly Principle Decision No. 181 (21.11.2008): because Türkiye Vakıflar Bankası T.A.O. and Vakıf Emeklilik A.&Sce

September 9, 2026 · 6 min read
Press Law

Announcements of State Economic Enterprise Affiliates in Turkey

General Assembly Principle Decision No. 42 (14.02.1969): the announcements not of an advertising character of the affiliates in which offices.

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read
Press Law

Announcements of Merged Institutions and Affiliates in Turkey

General Assembly Principle Decision No. 70 (25.08.1978): where the total of the shares in the new affiliates of those exempt because their capital sha

September 9, 2026 · 5 min read