As with radio, two different things go by the same name here. “Web TV software” sometimes means the broadcast infrastructure that converts video into different resolutions and delivers it, and sometimes the television organisation’s website. This guide is about the second: a video-first news site system carrying the live stream, the programme archive and news content together.

The distinction has to be made at the outset because a web TV organisation generally needs both and they are bought separately. The infrastructure keeps the video flowing; the site is where you find viewers, archive your programmes and publish news.

A video-first site differs from a text-first site

On a news site, video is an additional element inside a story. On web TV the video is the main content and text accompanies it. That reversal asks different things of the software.

SubjectText-first siteVideo-first site
Main content typeThe news textThe video episode
Front pageHeadline titlesA grid of video thumbnails
Archive unitThe news itemProgramme and episode
MeasurementReadsViews and completion rate
Storage burdenImagesVideo files — many times larger
Structured dataNewsArticleVideoObject

The last two rows directly affect budget and visibility. Video storage is far above image storage, and if a separate structured data markup is not used for video, the content you produce will not appear as video in search results.

What a web TV site needs

The live stream

The live page is the site’s most visited address and its most fragile. The minimum expected behaviours:

  • Adaptive quality: resolution changing automatically with the viewer’s connection speed
  • Full screen on mobile and audio in the background
  • Automatic reconnection when the connection drops
  • A meaningful screen when nothing is live: the next programme and a countdown
  • A news ticker or live commentary running below during the broadcast
  • Low latency — particularly in live debates and match coverage

The programme and episode archive

Web TV’s long-term value is in the archive. The live stream is momentary; the archive is watched for years. The structure should have two layers: the programme (a permanent page, description, presenter, broadcast day) and the episode (date, duration, thumbnail, guests, summary).

Every episode should have a permanent address and a text summary. Sites that publish only video never appear when the subject discussed is searched for; a short summary prevents that loss.

The player and accessibility

  • Subtitle support — for accessibility and for silent viewing
  • Chapter markers: jumping to topic headings in long broadcasts
  • A playback speed option
  • Keyboard operability
  • Starting from a given second when shared
  • The thumbnail being selectable by hand

The news side

Most web TV organisations also produce written news; and even where they do not, text summaries of programmes are published on the site. That content makes your site an online news site under Law No. 5187 and gives rise to the masthead, date stamp and archive obligations.

Video SEO: the most missed area

Making video content visible in search requires a different technique from text content. A search engine cannot watch the video; you tell it what the video is.

  • VideoObject markup. The title, description, thumbnail, duration and upload date declared in machine-readable form.
  • A video sitemap. Pages containing video listed separately.
  • Thumbnail quality. It directly determines the click rate in search results.
  • A text summary. Real text on the page alongside the video.
  • A subtitle file. Turning spoken content into text increases searchability.
  • Page speed. Pages with embedded video are heavy; the player should be lazy-loaded.

The legislation: two separate regimes for broadcast and site

Television broadcasting is subject to Law No. 6112; the news content you publish on the site to Law No. 5187. The two overlap, and the retention periods differ.

ObligationBasisPeriod / scope
Retention of the broadcast recordingLaw 6112 Art. 25(1)One year
Providing a copy on RTÜK’s requestLaw 6112 Art. 25(2)Ten days from notification
Retaining a broadcast under investigationLaw 6112 Art. 25(3)Until proceedings conclude
The broadcasting service principlesLaw 6112 Art. 8In every broadcast
Retention of internet contentLaw 5187 Art. 10Two years
Masthead and date stampLaw 5187 Art. 4(3)–(4)Continuously

The internet broadcasting licence

Article 29/A, added to Law No. 6112 by Law No. 7103 of 21/3/2018, regulates broadcasting over the internet. Organisations holding a temporary broadcasting right and/or a broadcasting licence from the Supreme Council may also offer their broadcasts over the internet. Those wishing to offer radio, television and on-demand broadcasting services solely over the internet must obtain a broadcasting licence from the Supreme Council; platform operators wishing to transmit such broadcasts over the internet also obtain a transmission authorisation.

You can run the pre-broadcast principles check with the RTÜK broadcasting principles checklist and see the sanction groups in the RTÜK fine guide.

Storage and distribution: the biggest cost item

In web TV what determines the budget is not the software but the video itself. An organisation producing two hours of programming a day accumulates a serious archive in a year, and that archive must be both stored and served to viewers.

  • Transcoding. Serving a single high-resolution file directly loses mobile viewers; derivatives at different qualities must be produced.
  • A delivery network. If video is served from your own web server, bandwidth runs out on the first big broadcast.
  • Tiered storage. Frequently watched new episodes on fast storage, the older archive on cheaper storage.
  • A retention policy. The broadcast recording that must be kept under the legislation and the archive offered to viewers are not the same thing; plan them separately.

Measurement: views alone are not enough

In video publishing the most misleading indicator is the raw view count. If ten thousand people click on an episode and leave after thirty seconds, that episode was not successful. The indicators to watch:

IndicatorWhat it tells you
Completion rateWhether the content was actually watched
Average watch timeWhich length works
Drop-off pointWhere in the programme viewers were lost
Live concurrent viewersReal interest at the moment of broadcast
Archive viewsThe long life of the content
Traffic sourceThe split between search, social and direct

The drop-off point is particularly valuable: seeing at which minute of the programme viewers are lost lets you make format decisions from data.

The counterpart on the KEYDAL side

For web TV organisations the core of the site is again the news software; the video side sits on top. In the panel the Media Library keeps files in folders, with alt text and copyright information added to each. The content delivery network set up automatically for every site serves media addresses from edge servers; the bandwidth problem of large files is solved at that layer.

The Omni module distributes a single piece of content to push, X, Instagram and WhatsApp — for putting out a new episode announcement from one place. The Podcast module manages the audio side; both are at the Infinity plan tier. On the news side the masthead sits under Corporate → Masthead as a structured record and the date stamp is applied at system level.

Summary

When looking for web TV software, first be clear which layer you mean: the infrastructure carrying the video stream, or the site that meets the viewer? On the site side what you want is a video-first news system — a live page, a programme and episode archive, a player with subtitles, and separate structured data for video.

On the legislative side carry two regimes together: Law 6112 for the broadcast (one-year recording, the principles, an internet broadcasting licence where needed) and Law 5187 for the news on the site (masthead, date stamp, two-year archive). The general software selection framework is in the news software guide and the radio counterpart in the radio software guide.