Additional Article 4 of Law No. 5953 identifies the competent court expressly: legal disputes arising from any claim of right under this Law and its supplements and amendments are heard by the labour courts under the Labour Courts Act.

The Scope Is Wide

The phrase "any claim of right" keeps the scope broad. The principal types of dispute arising under this Law:

DisputeBasis
Unpaid wagesArt. 14
Unpaid overtimeAdd. Art. 1
Annual leave not granted, and its payArts. 21, 29
Severance payArt. 6
Payment in lieu of noticeArts. 5, 6
Annual bonusArt. 14
Death benefitArt. 18
Military service and pregnancy payArt. 16
Pay during detention and suspension of publicationArt. 17
ReinstatementArt. 6 final paragraph (Law 4857 Arts. 20–21 by analogy)

A Provision Specific to the Court's Composition

Additional Article 4 contains a further detail: the principal and substitute lay members joining the labour court are selected — under the procedure in the Labour Courts Act — from the unions of press employees and employers with the largest membership in that locality, or from their professional bodies where there are no unions.

This is a historic provision intended to ensure that the dispute is assessed by people who know the press profession.

Administrative Fines Follow a Different Route

SubjectWho decidesWho receives it
The journalist's claimLabour courtThe journalist
Administrative fineMinistry regional directorThe State

The two are not alternatives; they can arise together on the same facts. Unpaid overtime, for example, gives rise both to the fivefold administrative fine under Additional Article 3 and to the journalist's claim for the debt.

Inspection and Supervision

Under Article 24, the monitoring, supervision and inspection needed to keep this Law in good order are carried out by the Ministry of Labour.

Before Bringing a Claim

Bottom Line

Legal disputes arising from any claim of right under Law No. 5953 are heard by the labour courts. The lay members joining the court are selected from the unions of press employees and employers. The administrative fines under the Law are imposed by the regional director of the Ministry of Labour and Social Security and follow a separate route.