A short subparagraph, but read together with the other provisions of the Law it establishes the economic dimension of editorial independence.

The Full Text of the Subparagraph

Art. 8/1-j - May not contain elements serving improper interests and leading to unfair competition.

Together with Art. 6/3

Article 6/3 establishes the same prohibition at the institutional level: media service providers are obliged to ensure that broadcasting services are not used in the improper interests of themselves, of shareholders and of blood and affinal relatives up to and including the third degree, or of any other natural or legal person.

Its Relationship with Surreptitious Commercial Communication

Art. 3 of the Law defines surreptitious commercial communication as follows: the presentation, by a media service provider for the purpose of advertising or in a manner capable of directing the public, of the activity, trade mark, name, service and product of a producer of goods or services, in words or pictures within programmes and outside advertising breaks and without an explanatory sound or image indicating that advertising is being done.

We cover all the definitions in the definitions guide and the product placement regime in the product placement guide.

The Sanction Tier

StageResult
Breach1-3% of the gross commercial communication revenue of the preceding month - Art. 32/2
Lower limitRadio one thousand lira; television and on-demand ten thousand lira
More than twenty breaches in a yearThe broadcast is suspended for up to five days - Art. 32/5
Repetition / a second repetitionSuspension of five to ten days / revocation of the licence

Its Relationship with the Principles of Commercial Communication

Article 9 governs the general principles of commercial communication and lays down the condition of not being misleading and not harming the interests of the consumer. Art. 8/1-j applies to programme content, Art. 9 to commercial communication.

We cover the detail in the commercial communication guide.

Its Relationship with the Shareholding Structure

The Law also governs media ownership: Art. 19 (establishment and share ratios) and Art. 20 (share and company transfers and mergers). Those aim to limit the risk of improper benefit structurally.

We cover the detail in the shareholding guide.

The Counterpart at TRT

Art. 5/m of Law No. 2954: not to become an instrument of the interests of a political party, group, interest circle, belief or thought. Art. 26/2 says that matters leading to unfair competition may not be given place in advertising broadcasts.

Summary

Subparagraph 8/1-j of Law No. 6112 prohibits broadcasting services from containing elements serving improper interests and leading to unfair competition. The subparagraph is the institutional obligation in Art. 6/3 turned into a broadcasting principle, and is read together with the definition of surreptitious commercial communication. Its sanction is the tier in Art. 32/2.